Systematic troubleshooting: the best way for DIY repairers?

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Andreas Thaler

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If the mirror on an SLR stays up or the camera is not receiving any power at all, troubleshooting often begins more or less immediately.

A few thoughts about what the cause of the error might be, plus experience and intuition, a look at the web, a quick consultation of the available technical documentation and the diagnosis is made.


Risky dismantling, no direct success control possible

As is the case with photographic equipment, it is often necessary to dismantle it more or less deeply to get to the suspected location of the problem.

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No viewfinder displays light up, the camera shows no signs of life. How can troubleshooting be carried out effectively?


This is always risky, as damage may occur or reassembly may no longer be possible.

Once you have arrived and repaired the suspected error, you often cannot check whether the repair was successful; this is only possible after (partial) assembly.

If you were right, the device will work again.

If not, hours of work may have been unsuccessful.


Is systematic troubleshooting therefore better?

Would it improve the chances if you systematically diagnose the error and invest more time in this?

To get answers to these questions I am currently reading

Darrel P. Kaiser: Basic Electrical Troubleshooting for Everyone

The author:

What does the title mean? It is the idea that we can approach any electrical or electronic (and mechanical) fault using a basic logical or probability-based investigation to observe and correctly identify the significant indicators that will eventually lead us to the failure or failures. This is no different from the Detective Books you read or TV Shows you watch where the hero used a logical approach (while all those around him just ran around willy nilly) to identify the clues and catch the bad guy. This book is a complete course in Troubleshooting. Along with the written theory explaining my troubleshooting methods, there are over 80 diagrams and drawings, and 50 comprehension questions (with the answers) that will help you monitor how much you understand.

Among other things the book contains systematic questions on how to isolate errors and mistakes that can be made.


Your own approach to effective troubleshooting

Of course, this has to be broken down into the specific repair task and adapted to the specifics of photo equipment repair (see above). This is complemented by your own experiences and knowledge, which are then added in this way.

I'll try to use all of this to create a troubleshooting approach that I plan to use as a practical guideline.

More on that later.



How do you go about troubleshooting?

Do you have recipes for success?
 
Last edited:

vandergus

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Cameras, especially 35mm SLRs, are built from modular subassemblies. The standard method of repair is to separate the major subassemblies (chassis, mirror box, shutter, etc.) and evaluate them individually. It's much easier to identify malfunctioning mechanisms once they have been isolated from the rest of the system.

I know "you have to take out the mirror box" sounds like a big job, but it's really standard practice. That's just how you do it.
 
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Andreas Thaler

Andreas Thaler

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Cameras, especially 35mm SLRs, are built from modular subassemblies. The standard method of repair is to separate the major subassemblies (chassis, mirror box, shutter, etc.) and evaluate them individually. It's much easier to identify malfunctioning mechanisms once they have been isolated from the rest of the system.

I know "you have to take out the mirror box" sounds like a big job, but it's really standard practice. That's just how you do it.

But even though I know that, I still haven't located the error?

I then have to decide in which part I am looking for the error and need an idea how to proceed.
 

4season

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In the case of electronic cameras, and in particular, Minolta electronic cameras, I might want to gauge how much current the camera is drawing. Even brand-new LR44-type camera batteries can be depleted very quickly if current draw is excessive.
 
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Andreas Thaler

Andreas Thaler

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In the case of electronic cameras, and in particular, Minolta electronic cameras, I might want to gauge how much current the camera is drawing. Even brand-new LR44-type camera batteries can be depleted very quickly if current draw is excessive.

How do you determine this?
 

4season

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How do you determine this?

Cheapest and easiest way is to measure battery voltage before installing them into the camera, and again afterwards. If they are considerably weaker just after being installed for just a matter of minutes or even seconds, your camera is drawing excessive current.
 
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Andreas Thaler

Andreas Thaler

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Cheapest and easiest way is to measure battery voltage before installing them into the camera, and again afterwards. If they are considerably weaker just after being installed for just a matter of minutes or even seconds, your camera is drawing excessive current.

It should also work with a resistance measurement from the positive battery contact to ground. The battery's nominal voltage divided by the resistance gives the current that flows (assuming fresh batteries, internal resistance ignored). If you know the capacity of the battery, you can calculate its lifespan when the camera is idle.
 
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Andreas Thaler

Andreas Thaler

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In his second book, Thomas Tomosy presents detailed procedures for systematic troubleshooting in SLRs using decision trees:

Advanced Troubleshooting and Repair Methods Mechanical SLR—including models with electronic shutter trigger and timing +++ The fairly involved process of troubleshooting a single-lens reflex camera mechanism can be divided into two main methods: the visual, or hit and miss method and the systematic, or logical method. The two methods are often alternating in practice. You may switch from one to the other as seems appropriate.
Thomas Tomosy, Camera Maintenance and Repair, Book 2, Buffalo: Amherst, 1997

I don't have to think of anything myself here, I will integrate these procedures into my overall systematic approach.

I want a generic and simple scheme for troubleshooting that allows me to take an orderly approach.

This should increase my chances of success in troubleshooting because, as I said, a camera almost always has to be completely dismantled if something isn't working. Before I do that, I want to diagnose the problem as best as possible.

That doesn't mean of course that I can then fix the problem.
 
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Andreas Thaler

Andreas Thaler

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I know "you have to take out the mirror box" sounds like a big job, but it's really standard practice. That's just how you do it.

Removing the mirror box is usually the smaller problem.

Reassembling it and correctly coupling the shutter and mirror mechanism is the bigger problem. I couldn't do it with a Nikon F3P despite the instructions:

Post in thread 'Nikon F3P (Press): Stuck mirror'
https://www.photrio.com/forum/threads/nikon-f3p-press-stuck-mirror.205976/post-2787973
 
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