B&W reversal film test, just for the hell of it

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destroya

destroya

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yeh, I can repost the process.

This is a process that mrred, aka peter C gave me so he gets all the credit for doing the heavy lifting. I just played with it a little to tweak it for the different films I use.
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This post is aimed specifically at small tank developing. If you have never reversal processed film before, this may be a good controlled start. The novice also needs to relax about exact timings as it is less of a factor with this stuff.

The steps for development are 1st dev, bleach, clear, 2nd dev. If you have done slides before, you may think I have skipped a few steps. We will use a 2nd developer that performs fogging, developing and fix, all in one.

Chemicals:

Dektol paper developer
Hypo (Sodium Thiosulfate)
Sodium BiSulfate
Potassium dichromate
Sodium Sulphite
Super Iron Out (No, I'm not kidding)

Distilled water

1st Dev:

1st dev is Dektol, the paper developer. Don't substitute as we need an aggressive developer.


The hypo we use to make a base solution. Mix 8g in 250 ml of dist water. We will add this to the developer at dev time.

Bleach:

The bleach will be in an A/B format and only mixed together when needed. It is unstable and will only last hours at a time


Part A: 6g of Potassium dichromate. Mix with 1l of distilled water.

Part B: acid mixture, Sodium Bisulphate. 25g in 1l distilled water.

Note: You cannot use any acid here. It's not the fact that it is an acid that is at work. It's food for the dichromate reaction (H3O+) that will not alter the how the dichromate works

A and B are mixed in equal parts for development.



Clear:

30g of Sodium Sulphite per 1l of distilled water.


2nd dev:

Iron Out! This is a rust remover that contains sodium hydrosulfite aka sodium dithionite. 1 tablespoon for every 200 ml of distilled water and it is one shot. The stuff dies on completion, but it does smell pretty! You can get this at Lowes or home depot hardware stores. The "Iron Out" step replaces flashing (re exposing), developing and fixing. It really simplifies everything.

So now lets go have some fun!

fill your tank according to normal fill levels with every step
Step 1:

1st developer
1+2 dektol to water dilution

Add 5 ml of the Hypo mixture. you need to experiment with different amounts for different films. Foma 100 needs no hypo, while tmax 400 needs 9ml

Dev for 12 mins, constant smooth agitation. We are building up contrast.

Dump this when done. It is exhausted (for our purpose) when done.

Do ilford wash (10,20,30 inversions for 3 changes of water)

Step 2:

Mix equal parts A & B in a temporary container. We can reuse this 4-5 times.

Bleach is 1/2 strength of what is normally recommended as we are trying NOT to wash our image down the drain.

Gently agitate for 8-10 minutes.

Your leader (when complete) should be clear. if not, you have not bleached enough.

Drain and save.
Do ilford wash (5,10,20)

Step 3:

Put clear in a temp container. You can reuse this.

Gently agitate for 5 minutes. You need to remove all the "chrome" bits left over from the bleach. Longer than enough is just longer. If you see black spots in light areas of your image, try increasing the clear time.

Do ilford wash (10,20,30 inversions 3 changes of water)

Step 4:

Mix 1 tablespoon of Iron Out in 200 ml DISTILLED water. This is a rust remover and WILL react to iron and other stuff in the pipes. DO NOT USE TAP WATER or even filtered water.

You probably do not need to agitate, but I do anyway, twice every 2 minutes. 5-6 mins is the ballpark.

Dump it, it's only good once.

Do a long ilford wash (10,20,30,40,50 very gentle inversions with 5 changes of water)

Step 5:

PhotoFlo and DO NOT USE A SQUEEGEE! The emulsion is soft from all the acid. Let dry for at least 3-4 hours to let what is there harden.

Step 6:

Marvel in your wonder......

The bleach is good for 4-5 uses and the clear could be used for much more. However you should mix the clear and the bleach before dumping, to neutralize the bleach.

Some of these chemicals have inherent handling and safety concerns. Please follow all manufacturers recommendations. MSDS documents may be obtained from all suppliers.
 

Anon Ymous

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@destroya Are you sure that this bleach doesn't keep well? It's not just the fact that it could be reused, but dichromate isn't something to take lightly and pour down the drain without second thought. IIRC, it keeps very well.

Regardless of that, I have used a permanganate bleach effectively, with Tri-X and Rollei Retro 80S. I use 1g/l Potassium Permanganate and 50g/l Sodium Bisulfate. Bleaching time was 5' at 20 degrees. Clearing bath uses Sodium Metabisulfite in this case. Using Sodium Bisulfate instead of Sulfuric Acid might actually be preferable and it was used in tropical developers. It helps reduce emulsion softening. Before committing any film to it, you can try it on a small piece of film exposed to daylight. Just do the develop - bleach - clear part of the process in a small beaker in full light. One critical detail is that the Permanganate takes a while to dissolve and it's impossible to see if there's anything undissolved left, so you have to filter it.

This bleach has a bad reputation of destroying films, but IMHO can be effectively used. Of course, the big bonus is that it has no carcinogens...
 

John51

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B+W reversal seems an inexpensive way of me finally giving my cameras a speed test. Bracketed test shots and say camera A shows best results at box speed and camera B is best at half box speed etc. it seems logical that they will be the same relative speed for other films. Or at least close.
 

Rudeofus

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The "Iron Out" step replaces flashing (re exposing), developing and fixing. It really simplifies everything.
Are you 100% sure that no fixing step is needed? There are some very stubborn grains in film, which resist any attempts of development regardless of exposure - these could still react with environmental Hydrogen Sulfide and form yellow brown spots.

Using Sodium Bisulfate instead of Sulfuric Acid might actually be preferable and it was used in tropical developers. It helps reduce emulsion softening.

Tropical developers use Sodium Sulfate, not Sodium Bisulfate but - the latter would be way to acidic and bring developer action to a grinding halt. As far as your bleach is concerned, Sodium Bisulfate and Sulfuric Acid are equivalent, but the acid can be quite hard to get for amateurs, especially if shipping is required. You are free to mix Sodium Sulfate into your bleach if gelatin softness is a concern.
 

Anon Ymous

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Yes, Sulfate wad used, not Bisulfate. This would kill the developer anyway. Wrong wording on my part. What I wanted/should have said was that some Sodium Sulfate content, whichever way it happens, might actually help in a permanganate bleach. This could be from partial neutralisation of the Sulfuric Acid, addition of Sodium Sulfate, or simply using Sodium Bisulfate, which is very convenient. It is much safer compared to Sulfuric Acid anyway.
 
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destroya

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i use Sodium Bisulfate because, like mentioned, it is very easy to get. I get it at leslie's pool supply store as dry acid. a 2 pound bag costs $11 or something like that. my bag is over 5 years old so the price could be different

as i wrote, i mix the bleach with the clear to help, but not completely neutralize it. then later take to a disposal site along with my spent fixer
 
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