Cataract surgery is the only medical procedure that you would feel better and are better immediately after.
While that's probably true, modern hip replacement surgery, using the anterior approach, came pretty close for me. I've been limping painful (and increasingly badly) since 2015 with two chiropractors and one orthopedic surgeon mistakenly thinking it was mainly sciatica. Once I got the right diagnosis from a different surgeon the third orthopedic surgeon, the hip-replacer he referred me to, said, "you needed it yesterday. I really can't believe you're still walking on that." I got on the schedule in the first available slot he had and had it done June 21. My home PT therapist cleared me to stop using my walker again four days later, surgeon cleared me to stop using cane and “absolutely ok to drive” at nine days. At my six weeks visit last week the newest x-rays looked “perfect,” I have no pain at all other than a slight tenderness to the touch which I literally do not notice if I don’t touch it or lay on that side and even that is even less this week than last, and the surgeon said, “no running, no jumping, other than that do whatever you want.”
Photography relevance: though other developments got me interested in getting back into photography now it would have been impossible without this. I literally couldn't walk without severe pain and a horrible limp. Now you'd never know I had any issues or just had surgery and I'm going for walks over a mile easily, with only needing to build back up those leg muscles that haven't been used properly in so long standing in the way of longer walks and hikes, so I CAN get out and shoot.
It's not as instant as cataract surgery, but with the anterior approach it's still pretty amazing and quick.